Jacques Philippe Marie Binet
Aug 13, 2019 16:04:17 GMT
Post by Admin on Aug 13, 2019 16:04:17 GMT
Un altro ingegnere francese che ha dato notevoli contributi alla matematica. I suoi lavori sulla matematica pura, la meccanica e l'astronomia, sono pubblicati sul giornale dell'École polytechnique e sul Journal di Liouville. A lui si devono importanti lavori sulla funzione phi di Eulero, sullo studio di espressioni che dipendono dalla legge dei grandi numeri, sulle proprietà fondamentali delle superfici omofocali di secondo grado, da lui scoperte per primo, sui movimenti dei pianeti, sulle equazioni alle differenze finite lineari per le quali ha formulato un'interessante teoria.
I suoi lavori sul calcolo matriciale lo hanno portato all'espressione dell'n-esimo termine della successione di Fibonacci.
I suoi lavori sul calcolo matriciale lo hanno portato all'espressione dell'n-esimo termine della successione di Fibonacci.
Jacques Binet was educated first at Rennes. He entered the École Polytechnique in Paris on 22 November 1804 in the same class as Augustin Jean Fresnel. After graduating in 1806, he was appointed as a student engineer at the Department of Bridges and Roads of the French government. This, however, was not to his liking and he quickly decided that he wanted to make a career as a teacher of mathematics. He left the Department of Bridges and Roads and took up a position at the Lycée Bonaparte, but he only taught there for a short time.
Jacques Binet became a teacher at École Polytechnique in 1807 and, one year later, he was appointed as a répétiteur to assist the professor of applied analysis and descriptive geometry. He held this position from 1808 to 1814. During this time the professors of descriptive geometry were Gaspard Monge (who held this professorship 1794-1809), Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette (who held this professorship 1799-1815), and François Arago (who held this professorship 1810-1816).
Binet published his first two papers in the journal Correspondance sur l'École Polytechnique in 1809 and 1810. He was assisted in this by Hachette who was the editor of the journal. Binet's first paper Des trois axes rectangulaires des surfaces du second degré, qui ont un centre Ⓣ appears in the Correspondance with a heading that gives M Binet as the author while in the index the paper is attributed to J P M Binet. However, although the paper gives the proof of a theorem as stated and proved by J P M Binet, the paper itself was written by Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette, the editor of the Correspondance sur l'École Polytechnique. In the introduction to the paper when it states that the paper gives an improvement on a theorem in the author's 1801 Mémoire it is referring to a Mémoire written by Hachette. Binet's second paper Proposition de géométrie Ⓣ appears in the Correspondance without any author in its heading and the paper not listed in the index. However, it also was written by Hachette who states that the paper consists of a theorem as stated and proved by J P M Binet.
Binet became a member of the Société philomathique on 14 March 1812. The Academy of Sciences had been closed in 1793 and many of the members of the Academy had joined the Société philomathique giving it a rather special status. In 1795 the Institut National replaced the Academy but the Société philomathique continued to have an important role in the scientific life of Paris. Around 1814 Binet submitted his memoir Sur l'expression analytique de l'élasticité et de la raideur des courbes à double courbure Ⓣ to be considered for publication. It was assigned to Lazare Carnot and Gaspard de Prony who were asked to report on it.
In 1814 Binet was appointed examiner of descriptive geometry at the École Polytechnique then, in 1815, he was appointed Examiner in Geodesy. His work in this role covered descriptive geometry and 'graphic arts,' but sometimes he had to deal with physics questions. He succeeded Siméon-Denis Poisson as professor of mechanics in 1815. In 1816 not only did Binet become an inspector of studies at the École Polytechnique but he also became an editor of the edition of Lagrange's Mécanique analytique Ⓣ that was being prepared two years after Lagrange died. Binet's paper Sur l'expression analytique de l'élasticité et de la raideur des courbes à double courbure Ⓣ which we mentioned above did much to add to Lagrange's work as the reporters Lazare Carnot and Gaspard de Prony noted...
Fonte : www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Binet.html
Jacques Binet became a teacher at École Polytechnique in 1807 and, one year later, he was appointed as a répétiteur to assist the professor of applied analysis and descriptive geometry. He held this position from 1808 to 1814. During this time the professors of descriptive geometry were Gaspard Monge (who held this professorship 1794-1809), Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette (who held this professorship 1799-1815), and François Arago (who held this professorship 1810-1816).
Binet published his first two papers in the journal Correspondance sur l'École Polytechnique in 1809 and 1810. He was assisted in this by Hachette who was the editor of the journal. Binet's first paper Des trois axes rectangulaires des surfaces du second degré, qui ont un centre Ⓣ appears in the Correspondance with a heading that gives M Binet as the author while in the index the paper is attributed to J P M Binet. However, although the paper gives the proof of a theorem as stated and proved by J P M Binet, the paper itself was written by Jean Nicolas Pierre Hachette, the editor of the Correspondance sur l'École Polytechnique. In the introduction to the paper when it states that the paper gives an improvement on a theorem in the author's 1801 Mémoire it is referring to a Mémoire written by Hachette. Binet's second paper Proposition de géométrie Ⓣ appears in the Correspondance without any author in its heading and the paper not listed in the index. However, it also was written by Hachette who states that the paper consists of a theorem as stated and proved by J P M Binet.
Binet became a member of the Société philomathique on 14 March 1812. The Academy of Sciences had been closed in 1793 and many of the members of the Academy had joined the Société philomathique giving it a rather special status. In 1795 the Institut National replaced the Academy but the Société philomathique continued to have an important role in the scientific life of Paris. Around 1814 Binet submitted his memoir Sur l'expression analytique de l'élasticité et de la raideur des courbes à double courbure Ⓣ to be considered for publication. It was assigned to Lazare Carnot and Gaspard de Prony who were asked to report on it.
In 1814 Binet was appointed examiner of descriptive geometry at the École Polytechnique then, in 1815, he was appointed Examiner in Geodesy. His work in this role covered descriptive geometry and 'graphic arts,' but sometimes he had to deal with physics questions. He succeeded Siméon-Denis Poisson as professor of mechanics in 1815. In 1816 not only did Binet become an inspector of studies at the École Polytechnique but he also became an editor of the edition of Lagrange's Mécanique analytique Ⓣ that was being prepared two years after Lagrange died. Binet's paper Sur l'expression analytique de l'élasticité et de la raideur des courbes à double courbure Ⓣ which we mentioned above did much to add to Lagrange's work as the reporters Lazare Carnot and Gaspard de Prony noted...
Fonte : www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Binet.html